howler monkey (Alouatta), which comprises between nine and 14 species and ranging from southern Mexico to northern Argentina, is the most widely distributed platyrrhines. Howlers previous phylogenetic studies have used chromosome and morphological characters and a number of molecular markers; However, the branching pattern of conflict between studies or remain unresolved. We do Alouatta new phylogenetic analysis using both concatenated and tree species coalescent-based approach is based on 14 areas of nuclear non-coding intergenic unlinked.

Our taxon sampling including five of seven South American species (Alouatta Caraya, Alouatta belzebul, Alouatta Guariba, Alouatta seniculus, Alouatta sara) and two introduced species of Mesoamerica (Alouatta Pigra, Alouatta palliata). Similarly to previous studies, our phylogeny was supported clade clade Mesoamerica and South America. To howlers South America, both methods of recovering the Atlantic Forest endemic A. Guariba as brothers all remaining South American species, albeit with moderate support. In addition, we did not find support for the sister previously proposed relationship between A. and A. belzebul Guariba. For the first time, a clade consisting of A. sara and A. Caraya identified.

The relationship between other howlers South America, however, is not fully supported. Our estimates of divergence times in Alouatta generally older than the estimate in the previous study. However, they correspond to recent studies suggest Miocene age for the Isthmus of Panama and to lift the northern Andes. Our results also point to an early genetic isolation A. Guariba in the Atlantic Forest, in agreement with the hypothesis of biotic exchange in the rainforests of South America in the Miocene. Collectively, these findings will contribute to a better understanding of the process of diversification between howler monkey species; However, they also indicate that further understanding of the evolutionary history of Alouatta radiation will depend on the expanded taxonomic, geographic, and genomic sampling.

molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of genotypes of Vibrio cholerae in Hillah, Iraq

Vibrio cholerae is a serious cause of endemic diarrhea associated with cholera in many areas of the world. A total of 256 stool and rectal swabs collected from patients suspected of having cholera treated in three hospitals in Hillah, Babylon Governorate, Iraq, for the period from September 1 to December 29, 2017. After a routine culture for the isolation and identification of samples V. cholerae isolates, PCR was performed for molecular detection of V. cholerae isolates by 16S ribosomal RNA gene.

Toxigenicity detected by RTX toxin gene. PCR technique emphasizes the molecular detection of V. cholerae for eight isolates. Only two isolates (25%) is owned rtxA and rtxC gene, while only three isolates (37.5%) owned rtxB gene. DNA sequencing is done for eight isolates through analysis and phylogenetic tree. Variants of bacteria were observed compared to the reference sequence homologous their neighbors using the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Server BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool; https://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Blast.cgi).

The findings indicate that the eight isolates of V. cholerae investigated positioned in three different phylogenetic position. Partial sequence reported dissimilarities between isolates GenBank accession number MK212155.1 and six are clustered GenBank accession numbers of the same species. For the first time in Babylon governorate, Iraq, the molecular test, sequencing and phylogenetic trees were reported for V. cholerae and their toxins isolated during cholera outbreak in 2017.

Molecular and phylogenetic analysis of canine parvovirus 2C Vietnam clade originated from dogs revealed new Asia-IV

Canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is a small, single-stranded DNA viruses that cause fatal bleeding enteritis in dogs. Currently, CPV-2 classified as CPV-2a, CPV-2b and CPV-2c is based on genetic variation in a gene VP2. CPV-2c variant has become ubiquitous throughout the world and attention to monitor the evolution of parvoviral. In this study, we characterized the full-length genome sequences of CPV-2c strain is obtained from 59 dogs in Vietnam.

Molecular analysis revealed that Vietnam CPV-2c share the same evolutionary pattern with the Asian CPV-2 clade, which is characterized by patterns of genetic signatures of structural and non-structural proteins. Moreover, this strain of CPV-2c Vietnam Thr112Ile and Ile447Met exhibited unique mutations in the VP1 and VP2 sequence, respectively. Interestingly, phylogenetic analysis showed that the mutation of amino acid residues in both structural and nonstructural genes have contributed to the emergence of a new clade, designated here as the Asian clade-IV. Substitution rate, estimated from the dataset containing 199 sequences during the last 42 years, confirmed that the CPV-2 showed a high degree of nucleotide substitution, approximately 2.49 x 10-4 nucleotide substitutions per site per year (nt / s / y), with VP1 / 2 and NS1 / 2 estimate of 3.06 x 10-4 and 3.16 x 10-4 nt / s / y, respectively.

rno-let-7e-3p Primers
MPR00315	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 176

rno-let-7e-5p Primers
MPR00316	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 176

hsa-let-7e miRNA Inhibitor
MIH01013	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 176

hsa-let-7e miRNA Antagomir
MNH01013	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 329

hsa-let-7e-3p miRNA Inhibitor
MIH01014	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 176

hsa-let-7e-5p miRNA Inhibitor
MIH01015	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 176

hsa-let-7e-3p miRNA Antagomir
MNH01014	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 329

hsa-let-7e-5p miRNA Antagomir
MNH01015	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 329

hsa-let-7e RT-PCR Detection Kit
20-abx096019	Abbexa	EUR 537.00 EUR 732.00 EUR 398.00	100 rxns 200 rxns 50 rxns

hsa-let-7e RT-PCR Primer Set
abx096773-1nmol	Abbexa	1 nmol	EUR 286

hsa-let-7a Primers
MPH01006	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7b Primers
MPH01007	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7c Primers
MPH01008	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7d Primers
MPH01009	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7f Primers
MPH01011	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7g Primers
MPH01012	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7i Primers
MPH01013	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7a-3p Primers
MPH02041	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7a-5p Primers
MPH02042	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7b-3p Primers
MPH02043	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7b-5p Primers
MPH02044	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7c-3p Primers
MPH02045	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7c-5p Primers
MPH02046	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7d-3p Primers
MPH02047	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7d-5p Primers
MPH02048	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7f-5p Primers
MPH02053	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7g-3p Primers
MPH02054	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7g-5p Primers
MPH02055	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7i-3p Primers
MPH02056	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7i-5p Primers
MPH02057	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

mmu-let-7e miRNA Inhibitor
MIM01014	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 176

rno-let-7e miRNA Inhibitor
MIR01014	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 176

mmu-let-7e miRNA Antagomir
MNM01014	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 329

rno-let-7e miRNA Antagomir
MNR01014	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 329

hsa-let-7f-1-3p Primers
MPH02051	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7f-2-3p Primers
MPH02052	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7a-2-3p Primers
MPH03980	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7e RT-PCR Detection and U6 Calibration Kit
20-abx096396	Abbexa	EUR 690.00 EUR 954.00 EUR 495.00	100 rxns 200 rxns 50 rxns

mmu-let-7e-3p miRNA Inhibitor
MIM01015	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 176

mmu-let-7e-5p miRNA Inhibitor
MIM01016	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 176

rno-let-7e-3p miRNA Inhibitor
MIR01015	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 176

rno-let-7e-5p miRNA Inhibitor
MIR01016	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 176

mmu-let-7e-3p miRNA Antagomir
MNM01015	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 329

mmu-let-7e-5p miRNA Antagomir
MNM01016	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 329

rno-let-7e-3p miRNA Antagomir
MNR01015	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 329

rno-let-7e-5p miRNA Antagomir
MNR01016	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 329

Human pre-microRNA Expression Construct let-7e
PMIRHlet7ePA-1	SBI	Bacterial Streak	EUR 684

mmu-let-7j Primers
MPM00753	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

mmu-let-7k Primers
MPM00754	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

rno-let-7d Primers
MP-r00007	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 176

rno-let-7a Primers
MP-r00033	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 176

rno-let-7b Primers
MP-r00034	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 176

rno-let-7c Primers
MP-r00035	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 176

rno-let-7f Primers
MP-r00037	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 176

rno-let-7i Primers
MP-r00038	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 176

mmu-let-7a Primers
MPM00007	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

mmu-let-7b Primers
MPM00008	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

mmu-let-7c Primers
MPM00009	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

mmu-let-7d Primers
MPM00010	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

mmu-let-7f Primers
MPM00012	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

mmu-let-7g Primers
MPM00013	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

mmu-let-7i Primers
MPM00014	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

hsa-let-7e Real-Time RT-PCR Detection and cel-mir-39-3p Calibration Kit
20-abx097607	Abbexa	EUR 732.00 EUR 1038.00 EUR 523.00	100 rxns 200 rxns 50 rxns

mmu-let-7a-5p Primers
MPM00736	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

mmu-let-7b-3p Primers
MPM00737	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

mmu-let-7b-5p Primers
MPM00738	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

mmu-let-7c-5p Primers
MPM00741	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

mmu-let-7d-3p Primers
MPM00742	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

mmu-let-7d-5p Primers
MPM00743	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

mmu-let-7f-5p Primers
MPM00748	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

mmu-let-7g-3p Primers
MPM00749	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

mmu-let-7g-5p Primers
MPM00750	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

mmu-let-7i-3p Primers
MPM00751	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

mmu-let-7i-5p Primers
MPM00752	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 121

rno-let-7a-5p Primers
MPR00307	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 176

rno-let-7b-3p Primers
MPR00308	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 176

rno-let-7b-5p Primers
MPR00309	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 176

rno-let-7c-5p Primers
MPR00312	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 176

rno-let-7d-3p Primers
MPR00313	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 176

rno-let-7d-5p Primers
MPR00314	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 176

rno-let-7f-5p Primers
MPR00319	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 176

rno-let-7g-3p Primers
MPR00320	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 176

rno-let-7g-5p Primers
MPR00321	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 176

rno-let-7i-3p Primers
MPR00322	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 176

rno-let-7i-5p Primers
MPR00323	ABM	150 ul / 10 uM	EUR 176

Dinitrophenyl (DNP)-HSA protein Conjugate
AV-9330-HSA	Alpha Diagnostics	10 mg	EUR 286

hsa-let-7a miRNA Inhibitor
MIH01000	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 176

hsa-let-7b miRNA Inhibitor
MIH01004	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 176

hsa-let-7c miRNA Inhibitor
MIH01007	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 176

hsa-let-7d miRNA Inhibitor
MIH01010	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 176

hsa-let-7g miRNA Inhibitor
MIH01020	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 176

hsa-let-7i miRNA Inhibitor
MIH01023	ABM	2 x 5.0 nmol	EUR 176

Although there is no evidence of genetic recombination in the strain of CPV-2c Vietnam established, positive selection of potential sites was observed in both structural and non-structural genes, showing the evolution of the virus has occurred in both structural and non-structural proteins. Genetic analysis and evolution of the full-length genome sequences need to gain insight into the evolution of CPV-2.